Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Over 19 million people contract a STD each year. Unfortunately, approximately 25% of those infections occur in people under 25.

Sexually transmitted diseases aren’t like personality flaws; you can’t see them from miles away. Most STDs don’t have any symptoms at all, but many of them can impact your health for the rest of your life.

Here’s a look at some STDs that are common among young adults:

Chlamydia
•  It’s the most common bacterial sexually transmitted disease

•  Men and women can both get it

•  You can get chlamydia by having sex (oral, anal or vaginal) with an infected person

•  People with chlamydia often don’t know they’re infected because there are usually no symptoms. When symptoms are present, they’re most commonly in the form of pain while going to the bathroom and discharge coming out of the penis or vagina.

•  It can be treated with antibiotics

•  Abstinence from all types sexual activity is the best way to avoid being infected.

NOTE: If you’ve already had sex, get tested!

 

 

Gonorrhea
•  It’s the second most common bacterial sexually transmitted disease

•  Men and women can both get it

•  You can get gonorrhea by having sex (oral, anal or vaginal) with an infected person

•  People with gonorrhea often don’t know they are infected because there are usually no symptoms. When symptoms are present, they’re most commonly in the form of pain while going to the bathroom and discharge coming out of the penis or vagina.

•  It can be treated with antibiotics

•  Abstinence from all types sexual activity is the best way to avoid being infected.

NOTE: If you’ve already had sex, get tested!

 

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
•  It’s a sexually transmitted viral infection that affects the skin around the genital area

•  It can NOT be treated with antibiotics

•  There is no cure for HPV, although a new vaccine that protects against several strains has recently been released

•  HPV causes over 90% of all cases of cervical cancer!

•  HPV is contracted by skin-to-skin contact with infected body fluids

•  HPV is most often spread by sexual play or sexual intercourse

•  Abstinence from all types sexual activity is the best way to avoid being infected.

NOTE: If you’ve already had sex, get tested!

 

Genital Herpes
•  One in 5 Americans over the age of 12 has genital herpes

•  Genital herpes is a common infection caused by the herpes simplex virus

•  Most people with genital herpes don’t know they’re infected.

•  Symptoms of genital herpes may include blisters or sores in the genital area, or pain/burning while going to the bathroom.

•  Medication is available to suppress outbreaks

•  Abstinence from all types sexual activity is the best way to avoid being infected.

NOTE: If you’ve already had sex, get tested!

 

Trichomonas
•  It’s a parasite that causes genital infections

•  It’s passed through contact with infected bodily fluids

•  It can be treated with medication

•  Symptoms include watery vaginal discharge, vaginal irritation, pain during sex and burning while going to the bathroom

•  Abstinence from all types sexual activity is the best way to avoid being infected.

NOTE: If you’ve already had sex, get tested!

 

Pregnancy

How many teen girls in the U.S. get pregnant each year?
750,000 teen girls get pregnant each year. 31% of young women get pregnant at least once before they turn 20. Each year the federal government alone spends about $7 Billion to help families that began with a teenage birth.

Aren’t teen pregnancy and birth rates declining?
The overall U.S. teen pregnancy rate declined 36% from its all time high in 1990 to 2002 (the most recent year available), from 117 pregnancies per 1,000 women aged 15-19, down to 75 pregnancies per 1,000 women.

For 2004, the teen birth rate for girls aged 15-19 was 41 per 1,000. This is down from 42 in 2003 and 62 in 1991. While the teen birth rate declined between 2003 and 2004 (1%), it was at a slower pace than previous declines. Overall, teen birth rates decreased 33.5% between 1991 and 2004.

Does the U.S. have a higher teen pregnancy rate than other countries?
Yes. Although rates here are declining, the U.S. still has the highest rates of teen pregnancy, birth and abortion in the industrialized world. In fact, the U.S. teen pregnancy and birth rates are nearly double Canada's, at least four times those of France and Germany, and more than eight times those of Japan.

Are younger teen girls more sexually active than they used to be?
While teen sexual activity is down among most teens, it has risen among girls younger than 15. In 1995 (the most recent year for which data is available) almost 1/5 (19%) of teen girls reported they had sex before age 15. The younger teen girls are when they first have sex, the more likely they are to report that sex was unwanted or non-voluntary.

Can you get pregnant if you use birth control?
Yes. Even if used perfectly, all methods of birth control have a failure rate, ranging from 0.05% for Norplant to 9% for the sponge and calendar rhythm. The only way to ensure you won't get pregnant or get someone pregnant is to not have sex.

You can't get pregnant the first time, right?
Wrong. Teen girls can get pregnant the very first time they have sex, and every time after that. A couple that doesn't use birth control has an 85% chance of pregnancy within one year.

What happens to teen mothers?
Only 41% of teen mothers complete high school and only 1.5% obtain their college degree by the age of 30.

Many teen mothers go on to have more children – about 1/4 of teen mothers have a second child within 24 months of the first birth.

A 1990 study shows that almost 1/3 of all teen mothers and 1/2 of unmarried teen mothers go on welfare within the first year of the birth of their first child. Within five years after the birth of their first child, almost one-half of all teen mothers and over three-quarters of unmarried teen mothers began receiving welfare.

What happens to the children of teen moms?
Children of teen mothers are more likely to be born prematurely and at low birth weight, which raises the chances of blindness, deafness, mental retardation, cerebral palsy, and other disabilities.

Children of teen mothers are 50% more likely to repeat a grade. They also perform much worse on standardized tests and ultimately they are less likely to complete high school than children of mothers who waited to have a baby.

The daughters of teen mothers are 22% more likely to become teen mothers themselves. The sons of teen mothers are 13% more likely to end up in prison.

Who are the fathers, and where are they now?
Nearly 40% of the fathers of children born to teen mothers are age 20 or older. Only 20% of the fathers marry the teen mothers of their first children. On average, the remaining 80% pay less than $800 annually for child support.

(information from The National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy, teenpregnancy.org)